Tuesday 28 March 2017

Weekly New Digital Media - 29.03.17 (58)

Netflix's anti-piracy team aims to make stealing content uncool 


                         Claire Foy plays Queen Elizabeth in the original Netflix series The Crown.  'You've got to police your own property,' says technology lawyer David Fewer.


Netflix is getting tough on piracy. The streaming service giant reveals its plan of attack in an online job posting seeking someone with legal and internet piracy experience to manage its newly created Global Copyright Protection Group. Based in Los Angeles, the group's mission is to stop people from accessing online its original content without paying for it. In recent years, Netflix has had much success with its own series such as Stranger Things, House of Cards and The Crown. According to the job posting, the manager's duties will include improving the company's attempts to get "rogue pirate sites" to remove unauthorised Netflix content. They would "consider solutions to deal with new piracy models" such as fully loaded Android boxes that allow users to easily stream pirated shows and movies on their TVs.
In my opinion: Netflix do have an option of a free trial for a month, after the month, if the audience do wish to use Netflix after the trail, they'd have to pay £5.99. Piracy is an on going problem as well as illegal downloading, television and tv streaming is becoming a luxury, people are trying to find a way if its not provided for them or not affordable.  I do agree with the article that in fact, they should make it easy to access, with many options and alternatives and Netflix will get revenue. If you hold the consumer at captive, by forcing them to buy a Netflix device and a subscription just to watch a show like "stranger things" or "the crown", you will get people who will seek pirated content because they feel like you're forcing them to pay for something they don't want or don't feel they should.
















Weekly New Digital Media - 29.03.17 (57)

Snapchat 'will be bigger than Twitter, Yahoo and AOL with advertisers' 

                                  Snapchat

Snapchat could become more popular with advertisers than Twitter, Yahoo and AOL within three years, with the messaging app company have an demand of increase of revenue building up till the up coming years. That bullish forecast is based on advertisers targeting the youth audience that the disappearing photo app has seemingly cornered. Brands are also keen to see a true rival emerge to challenge Facebook and Google, which have recently come in for heavy criticism for their advertising practices.  Instagram – which has 600 million users to Snapchat’s 158 million – launched a function called Stories, which is similar to Snapchat’s own story feature. Instagram Stories has already achieved 150 million daily active users. Instagram Stories’ launch intensified another concern: Snapchat’s slowing growth.  number of Snapchat users grew by 14% and 17% in the first two quarters of last year. Following the launch of Instagram Stories, Snapchat’s growth slumped to 7% and just 3.2% in the final two quarters of 2016. Snap has blamed “technical issues” in the rollout of new products, but admitted in its IPO document that Facebook/Instagram would be a huge threat.

[] Messaging app forecast to attract revenues of $3bn a year by 2019 by attracting hard-to-reach youth market
[] (51%) of video users on Snapchat are under 24, compared with 23% for Facebook and 17% for Google’s YouTube, according to Ampere Analysis.
[] two web giants currently account for 58% of the $141bn global mobile ad market.
[] Facebook, which dominates social media with 1.2 billion daily users and owns Snapchat’s most direct competitor, Instagram.
[] Snapchat’s $22bn market capitalisation is already double that of Twitter ($11bn)
[] But it remains minnow compared with Facebook ($393bn) and Google ($596bn)

My Opinion: Social media is such a powerful platform and a tool for audience to engage with in similar ways, audiences are becoming more active rather tan passive, voicing and finding out answers for themselves instead of reading and believing everything that they see. Social media is becoming more competitive and advanced in what they are introducing and how they would be able to create that engagement with the audience. The way audience are using the social media is what making the different social media platforms to try and invent new adjustments that would allow them to build on their revenues or they try to make their social media accounts much more convergent and try to involve a feature that every other social media account have (Instagram adding a new feature- stories) 

Tuesday 21 March 2017

Weekly New Digital Media - 22.03.17 (56)

Spotify to restrict some music to paying subscribers only

                                   Taylor Swift pulled her music from Spotify because she believes music should not be free.

Spotify is planning to make some music available only to paying customers in a major change to its service.Until now, all music on the service has been available to both free and paid users but Spotify has now agreed with multiple major record labels to restrict some of the biggest new releases to members of its premium tier only, according to the Financial Times. Spotify has for a long time attributed at least some of its scale to the value of its comprehensive free tier as a marketing tool. By restricting some music from free users Spotify stands to gain a reduction in royalty fees paid to the labels per stream, and a chance at exclusive releases from artists like Kanye West, Taylor Swift and BeyoncĂ©, all of whom have restricted new albums to the paid tier of competing services such as Apple Music and Tidal. Labels believe the free tier, which pays lower royalties per stream, can serve to cannibalise other audiences, hitting album sales and lowering the incentive to upgrade to premium. The reason why Taylor Swift decided to pull away her music from Spotify was because she argued, "“music is art, and art is important and rare. Important, rare things are valuable. Valuable things should be paid for. It’s my opinion that music should not be free.” 

[] 50m users who currently listen for free will not be able to access the latest releases from some top flight artists
[] The premium tier currently costs £9.99 a month enables offline playback and ad-free listening.
[]  50m paying subscribers and another 50m free users.
[] Competitors of Spotify; Apple Music and Tidal [big ones]

My opinion: Streaming music is something that is so assessable in this day and age and yes, consumers do take advantage of it because it means that we don't have to pay; expect if people do pay for things like Apple music or Spotify premium. Personally, I do have a premium Spotify account, and i do appreciate the fact that i can stream any music that I would like to hear, it is cheaper and I do think that it benefits us as audience. These developments in technology are bringing benefits to the audience in much better way in terms of  the availability although it does mean that traditional media is soon to be dying out   in all areas. 


Weekly New Digital Media - 22.03.17 (55)

YouTube changes restrictions on gay-themed content following outcry

              ‘LGBTQ people shouldn’t be restricted’ … Tegan and Sara.


YouTube has altered its classifications of some LGBTQ-themed videos, following protests from users, including the musicians Tegan and Sara. The site had been criticised for having non-explicit videos featuring LGBTQ themes classed as restricted, which filters out “potentially inappropriate” content. Tegan and Sara, who are both openly gay, were among those who complained about the policy, pointing out its absurdities in a series of tweets: “If you put @YouTube on restricted mode a bunch of our music videos disappear. … LGBTQ people shouldn’t be restricted. SAD!” Several of the Canadian sisters’ videos had been classed as restricted, despite the content being non-sexual, whereas others that were sexual but LGBTQ-themed were still available. YouTube tweeted on Monday 20 March that it might have made a mistake: “Some videos have been incorrectly labelled and that’s not right. We’re on it! More to come.” Although some videos were declassified, others remained restricted. 

[] The “restricted” designation lets parents, schools and libraries filter out content that isn’t appropriate for users under 18. Turning on the restriction makes videos inaccessible. YouTube calls it “an optional feature used by a very small subset of users”.

My Opinion: Creating and posting up content is so much easier now with the developments now that happening within the new media. There is such as wide range of content that is creating especially on Youtube, this is such as big platform that allows so much talent to be accessed. In my opinion, I think that it is very unfair that some specific content is getting restricted and classified as "potentially inappropriate" content when it is really not, if the content is not impacting or affecting the audience in any way possible, i don't think it is fair for youtube to restrict it. Nevertheless, I think that the Youtubers or whoever creates the content and puts up the content on Youtube, they should be responsible enough to know what is appropriate to post and to restrict to a certain age if really needed. If things get really bad then the institution should then really get involved but not when the content is not influencing or impacted the audience in any bad way. 

Wednesday 15 March 2017

Weekly New Digital Media - 15.03.17 (54)

Robert Kelly: my minor mistake turned family into YouTube stars

                         Professor Robert Kelly and his family
https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/mar/14/robert-kelly-children-interrupt-live-bbc-interview-south-korea

American academic whose live BBC interview was interrupted by his children talks about becoming an internet sensation. Robert Kelly was discussing the impeachment of South Korea’s president on BBC World News when his two children barged into his study in their apartment in Busan, South Korea. Many people have been taken by the swagger displayed by Marion, four, as she entered the room and marched up to her father’s desk.In the finest showbiz tradition of keeping the show on the road, Kelly valiantly attempted to guide Marion towards some toys, while hoping the broadcaster might narrow the camera angle or use some video of Park Geun-hye.
However, the channel did not cut away and as Kelly responded to a question about inter-Korean relations, his eight-month-old son, James, sailed through the open door in his baby walker on the polished wooden floor. “Then I knew it was over,” Kelly told the newspaper. The overwhelming response to the video, which soon went viral around the world, prompted the couple to turn off their smartphones and ignore social media for several days, unable to deal with the deluge of comments and requests to talk.
My opinion: Anything can go viral, seeing this was represented in a interview for BBC, the vast majority of the audience didn't expect anything to go wrong due to how high this organisation is, and the fact that it was humours, this did go viral and quickly become the topic to talk about. However, although it was funny seeing children disturb their fathers interview, there was another focus through this video; the lady that took away the children. The lady that does so was the wife but many people suspected the lady to be a nanny and that was due to the the stereotypes, which is really wrong. We as an audience are very quick to judge and assume things, this should never be the case, especially in situations like this, some audience take things more than they need to which were sometimes creates the problem. 

Weekly New Digital Media - 15.03.17 (53)

James Corden hints at bringing Carpool Karaoke to UK

             James Corden does Carpool Karaoke with Michelle Obama.


British star of US TV chatshow says he is surprised at its level of success and that his team is working on possible UK plans Carpool Karaoke, which sees celebrities sing along to a range of music from the passenger seats of a car being driven by Corden, has amassed more than 1.2bn views on YouTube. The Nightly Show, which has bumped ITV’s flagship News at Ten bulletin back by 30 minutes for the next eight weeks, was presented in its first week by David Walliams. John Bishop, Davina McCall, Sue Perkins and Mel Giedroyc are lined up for future slots. Corden told the publication he had no plans to mark the two-year anniversary of The Late Late Show.“But we do have some stuff planned this year – which might involve being in the UK,” he added.

[] views are more than 1.2bn on Youtube
[] The show’s ratings more than halved from the first to the second episode, from 2.8 million viewers on the Monday to 1.2 million on Tuesday.

My opinion: James Corden is one of the people that found his success in the USA rather than in the UK, through this tv show. James Corden introduced carpool karaoke which involves him singing songs with celebrities in a car and interviews them, these are then posted on Youtube. The reason why James Corden gets such big hits and view ratings so high is because his content is very clear and engaging with his prime audience, he understands how technology is so important and what impacts it can have. To have success and become popular, James Corden knew the internet was the way forward which is so cleaver because he gets more views on his show due to his hits on Youtube that has made a wider audience become interested is show. 

MEST3: Section A [June2012]

Q1)Evaluate how the two trailers use the narrative technique of enigma to encourage the target audience to watch the films


The two trailers both use the narrative techniques of enigma to encourage the target audience to watch the films through several way. One of  which, product 1, sees do it well with using sound as a way of enigma and to encourage target audience to watch the film, the fact that product 1 starts of with a dialogue, "What are  you doing here?' automatically grasps the audiences attention, making them wonder the relationship between the two characters but also other questions, this encourages the target audiences to already want to watch the film to find out more. In addition, in product 1, the audiences see 2 male characters and 1 female character, within the trailer, the audience see shots that show each of their relationships together, from both good to bad (Todorov), the use of using emotion can carry out enigma to audience, making them wonder what the new equilibrium will be, audience would be persuaded to watch the film because they would be willing to go along the emotional journey with them. 

Although, product 2, uses narrative techniques to encourage the target audience to the films is very different compared to product 1, one of them being the trailer shows very less dialogue, which creates more enigma for the audiences, the trailer is making the audiences guess the story and think for themselves to what the film may be about. In addition, precept 2, uses editing techniques to create the enigma and encourage audiences to watch the film, the fact that there are a lot of shots shown but they are shown very quickly, due to the fast paced shots, it is keeping the audiences alerted throughout the trailer, it is making the audience on toes and keeping them interested enough to encourage them to watch the film.

 Both of product 1 and 2 use worded as "worldwide best seller" (product 1) and "a genre masterpiece" (product 2) as a technique to persuade the target audience to watch it, as they are letting the target adudicne to know what the critics already think and making the films sound good, the audience would be encouraged to watch the film and solve the enigmas that were created when watching the trailer. 


Q2) Why are media products that represent outsiders, such as vampire films, so popular? You may also refer to other media products to support your answer


Both products represent vampires as 'dangerous'(Alvarado) and unwitting due to what they do - kill. One of the reasons to why media products represent outsiders such as vampire films is due to the fiction side, it allows the audience to gain a sense of escapism form their own lives (Uses and gratification), due to the fact that vampires aren't real, it can allow audiences to feel like they are not in reality for once and would be interested to see what if it was real and it would be like. Vampire films have become popular too and have also came into tv series such as 'Vampire Diaries" and "Teen Wolf", the media products attract the right target audience allow them to so popular  because they are directly meeting to the audiences needs and giving them what they want. Media products allow audiences imagination to run free to which why they are so popular. The reason why I think media products that represent outsiders are so popular is because not only some of the audiences are able to create personal identity with them but it gives a wide group of audience a chance to see what it may be like to be an outside and follow their lives, maybe allowing a chance or a difference to happen? It could allow the vast majority of the audience to be a little more considerate towards groups that are considered outsiders such as youth, black people, ethnic backgrounds etc. 

Media products that represent youth as outsiders are also so popular within an wide range of audiences; Ill Manors is a prime example. Ill Manors represents teenagers living in London, especially the teenagers that are working class and live in a council state, following their lives and making the audiences to really understand their character. The reason why Ill Manors had attracted such as large group of audiences despite being classified as an 'outsiders' is because of the message they given out, middle class audience were the target audience and as well as teenagers, teenagers were the target audience because understandably they would be able to build on personal identification with the characters but also build a personal relationship with them too, but the reason why middle class audience were Ill Manors main focus was because Plan B wanted educate and to raise awareness of the issues of teenagers and how we should really try to understand them instead of neglecting them. 

Q3) Do you think official and unofficial websites contribute to a films box office success? You should refer to other media products to support your answer. 


I think that official and unofficial websites contribute to a film's box office success, as it gives the audience an insight of the film without giving much away before the release of the film.  For instance, the official website for the Hollywood block buster Eclipse includes a variety of features such as, the trailer, downloadable photos, an online store and a community link to social networking sites. This would be significant in promoting the film to their target audience, (15 - 24 years old; females) as the different features allows the individuals to actively interact and to feel more involved with the film. Significantly, the Eclipse website sells a range of merchandises for its fans which also contributes to the film’s box office success, as fans of this franchise are more likely to purchase an item and watch the film. Product 1 also includes a link to social networking sites such as Facebook, YouTube and Twitter. This would be  important in promoting the film further to the audience globally, as individuals can be actively involved with the film through following the cast on Twitter or posting messages virally to their friends, which encourages more people to watch it. 


Furthermore, an official and uncoffocial website that contributed to the films box office success was Ill Manors. Plan B had cleaver produced the website as a twitter page, and giving the audience an option of buying any merchandise and buying the DVD in graffiti style to fit the theme of the film but also suite the synergy of icongraophy throughout their print but also within the movie. Ill Manors also posted up exclusive posts and insights to the movie such as behind the scenes, that allowed the audience to contribute to the films box office success as the audience felt like they were going along the movies process in terms of the making due to the exlcives that Plan B allowed the fans to be involved in. Furthermore, Plan B also had his fans to take part in a user generated content of "hastagtagLondon" campaign that allowed them to even feel more involved in the movie and  make a difference within an audience, before the film even came out, due to the vast majority of the audience promoting the film, automatically contributed to the films box office success as majority of the promotions of how audiences can get involved happened through the website. 



Wednesday 8 March 2017

New Digital Media Story Index


 [1] ~ 14.09.16 ~ Ant and Dec 'close to signing £30m deal' with ITV
 [2] ~ 14.09.16 ~ Facebook and Twitter join coalition to improve social media news gathering
 [3] ~ 21.09.16 ~ The Great British Bake Off disaster: why the BBC got burned
 [4] ~ 21.09.16 ~ The Sun cuts about 20 production jobs in shift to digital
 [5] ~ 28.09.16 ~ BBC denies iPlayer password plans are part of licence fee crackdown
 [6] ~ 28.09.16 ~ Are mobiles changing how we shop?
 [7] ~ 5.10.16 ~   Daily Telegraph sacks editor Tony Gallagher in shock move designed to "move beyond putting new online"
[8] ~ 5.10.16 ~   Ad-blockers: are publishers tempted to feed the hand that bites them?
[9] ~ 12.10.16 ~ Pixel is a direct challenge to Apple – and a referendum on Google
[10]~ 12.10.16 ~Yahoo email surveillance: who approved the secret scanning program?
[11] ~ 19.10.16 ~ Spotify UK revenues surge to almost £190m as mobile subscriptions take off
[12] ~ 19.10.16 ~ The Lad Bible strikes deal with Discovery for TV show clips
[13] ~ 26.10.16 ~ BBC chair post advertised with £10,000 pay cut
[14] ~ 26.10.16 ~ Netflix 'too slow off the mark' in Bake Off bidding war
[15] ~ 02.11.16 ~ Facebook fact-check: all the fake news, from the Obamas to miracle cannabis
[16] ~ 02.11.16 ~ Canada's Postmedia Network announces new round of staff cuts
[17] ~ 09.11.16 ~ Make Google and Facebook pay for public service reporting
[18] ~ 09.11.16 ~ Student’s fake John Lewis Christmas advert is runaway hit
[19] ~ 16.11.16 ~ NSPCC records 88% rise in children seeking help for online abuse
[20] ~ 16.11.16 ~ Facebook 'pauses' WhatsApp data sharing after ICO intervention
[21] ~ 23.11.16 ~ Still in vogue: luxury magazines defy print market gloom
[22] ~ 23.11.16 ~ Barack Obama on fake news: 'We have problems' if we can't tell the difference
[23] ~ 30.11.16 ~ Facebook doesn't need to ban fake news to fight it
[24] ~ 30.11.16 ~ The Sun spent £96,000 on poster backing Brexit
[25] ~ 07.12.16 ~ James Murdoch involved in News International email deletion, court told
[26] ~ 07.12.16 ~ Facebook reportedly testing new tool to combat fake news
[27] ~ 14.12.16 ~ Fake news could affect next UK election, warns Channel 4 executive
[28] ~ 14.12.16 ~ Twitter U-turns over banning white nationalist
[29] ~ 21.11.16 ~ Czech Republic to fight 'fake news' with specialist unit
[30] ~ 21,11.16 ~ News publishers contributed £5.3bn to the UK economy in 2015 
[31] ~ 28.12.16 ~ Facebook break can boost wellbeing, study suggests
[32] ~ 28.12.16 ~ BBC1's idents get a makeover by photographer Martin Parr
[33] ~ 04.01.17 ~ Google plans UK launch of paid-for YouTube Red service
[34] ~ 04.01.17 ~ Uber is tracking your location even when rides are finished 
[35] ~ 11.01.17 ~ Twitter's controversial head of China leaves after eight months
[36] ~ 11.01.17 ~ Facebook hires TV journalist Campbell Brown as media liaison after fake news fallout
[37] ~ 18.01.17 ~ Theresa May to become first PM on the cover of American Vogue
[38] ~ 18.01.17 ~ Are students justified in banning the sale of newspapers on campus?
[39] ~ 25.01.17 ~ Snapchat cracks down on risque images and fake news
[40] ~ 25.01.17 ~ BBC sets up team to debunk fake news
[41] ~ 01.02.17 ~ Daily Mail owner to cut more than 400 jobs amid print advertising decline
[42] ~ 01.02.17 ~ Parents exposing children to cyber-bullying by creating underage accounts on social media
[43] ~ 08.02.17 ~ Kanye West deletes pro-Trump tweets following travel ban
[44] ~ 08.02.17 ~ IMDb shuts down its message boards
[45] ~ 15.02.17 ~ Twitter loses ad revenue despite gaining 2 million users and Trump 'boost'
[46] ~ 15.02.17 ~ Yahoo issues new warning of potentially malicious activity on accounts
[47] ~ 22.02.17 ~ Female film protagonists reached all-time high in 2016, study shows
[48] ~ 22.02.17 ~ The clock is ticking for Spotify
[49] ~ 29.02.17 ~ BBC orders investigation into claims of aggressive TV licence enforcement
[50] ~ 29.02.17 ~ Post-truth era is perilous for media, says former Sunday Times editor
[51] ~ 08.03.17 ~ Fake news inquiry to review social networks' complaints procedures
[52] ~ 08.03.17 ~ ABC to lose 200 jobs by June in latest round of cuts
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MEST3 Identity: updated indexes

Weekly New Digital Media - 08.03.17 (52)

ABC to lose 200 jobs by June in latest round of cuts


                                       


Michelle Guthrie, calls a tough strategy to bring transformational change to the national broadcaster.The job losses will start immediately in support areas in the TV news and television divisions, and move on to content areas later in the year. Citing “red tape”, “duplication” and “over-management”, Guthrie told staff in a national address on Tuesday that they had to break down the silos between news, radio, TV and digital, and work together to create content audiences wanted. “We lack the flexibility to quickly adjust to the fast-changing audience trends,” Guthrie said. “Our reach on television and radio is declining and digital is struggling to bridge the divide. Guthrie said the “tough decisions” would hurt the people affected but would deliver in the long term.

[] Managing director Michelle Guthrie says cuts will eliminate duplication and break down silos between news, radio, TV and digital 
[] The ABC will cut 20% of management positions and lose 200 staff by June
[] Executive team will be reduced from 14 to eight and powerful new overarching roles have been created
[] Reducing management, eliminating duplication and achieving production and support efficiencies – between 150 and 200 staff will leave the ABC by the end of this financial year.”
[] 14-strong executive have been dropped from the main table
[]aiming to reduce management roles by 20% across the corporation, with support areas to bear a heavier percentage of this cut.

My Opinion: This is a show of what the new developments to new media is doing to traditional media. ABC have been a well established and yet so high corporation, seeing that even well established organistions are facing troubles from what technology has done, to me, personally shows how fast traditional media is declining. Yet the postivies of this is that they recorginse that it is important to adapt to the changes but accepting that despite they are struggling, they were making an effort to adapt to the changes instead of just quitting and not facing the new developments that are coming towards a wide range of audiences. 

Weekly New Digital Media - 08.03.17 (51)

Fake news inquiry to review social networks' complaints procedures         

                


A parliamentary inquiry into fake news is to consider legislation forcing social networks to improve the way they handle complaints after Facebook’s failure to remove sexualised images of children.
Damian Collins, chair of the culture, media and sport (CMS) committee, said Facebook’s failure to remove all the images reported, as part of a BBC investigation this week, was “disturbing” and suggested its complaints systems were inadequate. His committee will examine whether new offences should be created to ensure social networks are held responsible for inappropriate content, including fake news as well as images of children which have been reported. Tech firms such as Facebook were in danger of becoming “antisocial networks” by failing to take responsibility for some of the most controversial content appearing on their sites

[] Facebook only removed just 18 of 100 images flagged by a BBC reporter.
[] MPs will examine whether new offences should be created after Facebook’s failure to remove sexualised images of children. 
[] Advertisers should say we won’t spend the money with you unless you use it the right way,”  - Collins; former advertising executive
[]  Facebook were in danger of becoming “antisocial networks”

In my opinion, I think that Facebook is not a social media no more, they are being coming else than what they started with. I don't think that Facebook see themselves as social media platform where they still need to control what goes on their site despite how big of an organisation they have gotten to. They still need to hold social responsibilities in protecting the viewers because they would also know that there are many of audience that are the underage of joining Facebook but still have an account, they should realise the big audience they have on the site and have it their main responsibility to protect them and display the right content for them, this can be done by restrict what audience posts. This can be argued by others saying 'freedom of speech' and everyone has their views or things they can do but not when it is wrong in serval ways. Facebook need to take action and hold up their responsibilities for their audiences. 


Collective identity: blog task

1) Read the article and summarise each section in one sentence, starting with the section 'Who are you?'

; Who are youThe image we construct to communicate our identity.  The  active decision to construct an image of our identities yet there is a difference between the person we think we are, the person we want to be and the person we want to be seen to be. Usually the culture surrounding us changes this. 

; I think, therefore I am - How our identities were/are defined. Identity used to be seen as fixed and predetermined by social construct; based around aspects outside of our selves such as class, religion, gender and roles determined by the family we were born into. [CAGE] the notion of the individual was more more an external image of the individual internalising their social position rather than being more centred. 

; From citizen to consumer - Encouragement of adopting an identity. Edward Bernays said 'active citizens but as passive consumers’ suggesting that the consumer boom meant advertising and marketing appeal much more desires to make wants seem like needs (creating wants and desires) a concept explored by Frued; need to feel the pleasure of having our desires met. Suggesting that it appeals to our id( based on irrational desires) Therefore the early part of the 20th century explored self-image as largely being based around the notion of fitting in and conforming to social expectations.

; The rise of the individual - Rise of individualise.  By the late 1960s and 1970s individualism was more of a concept. During the second half of the 20th century, people began defining themselves as individuals( different, unique) and empowered. Lacan's view of the ‘fragmented self' - we have many identities that depend on circumstance and relationship. Often leaving us feeling incomplete so we seek to complete our selves by imagining an ideal state of self. 

; Branding and lifestyle - Branding and the creator of self-image. The 70s and 80s saw the rise of lifestyle marketing and the importance of brands. Advertisers sell the 'personality' (of) rather than the product, so that people will choose products that match their own self-image due to particular connotations such as a range of values.instead of true individualism there is a desire to conform to ideas of self-image provided by large corporations. Thus being defined by brands and products, rather than by authentic human experience. Postmodern critics see the construction of identity through media representations as being shallow, leading to a culture that values ‘style over substance’. This dominance of mass media Baudrillard calls ‘media saturation’ leading to high cultural value being placed on external factors such as physical beauty and fashion sense over internal traits such as intelligence or compassion. The media provides images, products, role models and the ideas that we use to help construct an idea of identity and image has been tackled widely in film

; Who will we be - Next step in the commodification of self image and identity. self-image is communicated through the technical and artistic decisions made in a ‘home page’ yet is now replaced by social media according to Chandler. Another technical development of data mining allows corporations to create products designed to meet the needs we reveal in our personal information. Thus suggesting a commodification of self-image and identity – we end up selling our selves.


2) List five brands you are happy to be associated with and explain how they reflect your sense of identity.

- Instagram - photography, capturing and approaching our everyday surroundings - the simple but yet attractive things. 
- Apple - being unique and different despite majority of being having an apple product.
- Topshop - representative of my individualism, comfort.
- Lush - Fresh, colourful, comfort of my own skin.
- Youtube - entertaining, flexible and board content, calm

3) Do you agree with the view that modern media is all about 'style over substance'? What does this expression mean?
I do agree with the view of the modern media all about style and appliance of an individual instead of seeing the individual for who they actually are. At times some audience dress and have a different style to their identity but it should never allow someone to judge. Personally i think that style over substance means that what impressions people would get from just looking at you and not who you are as a person. 

4) Explain Baudrillard's theory of 'media saturation' in one paragraph. You may need to research it online to find out more.
The increasing dominance of the media and what Baudrillard calls 'media saturation' results in high culture value being places on external facts such as physical beauty and fashion sense over internal trails such as intelligence or compassion. In the media and consumer society, the culture and consumption becoming depriving individuals of possibility maintaining individuality and self-determination. 

5) Is your presence on social media an accurate reflection of who you are? Have you ever added or removed a picture from a social media site purely because of what it says about the type of person you are?
Personally, I think that my social media accounts do represent a true reflection of my identity or my personality and values. I have never dded and then removed a picture of what it says about the type of person i am because I wouldn't be reprententing myself truly, I would be creating an image that is not real. At times I do hold back to how much I represent myself within my social media croutons because I like to have a barrier to what I can show personally to face to face to people who are close to me and show to people that I have on social media. 


6) What is your opinion on 'data mining'? Are you happy for companies to sell you products based on your social media presence and online search terms? Is this an invasion of privacy?
I do think that data mining is  good way for companies to sell their products and reach a wide range of customers based on their social media presence and online search terms because is just suggestions to what people are searching online. Though, i would argue that sometimes it does it get a little too much, there are always limited to things, i would mind it if its a bit too much and occurring everywhere. I don't think it should matter to an audience unless they have something to hide, but no, I don't mind data mining. 


Identity and the wider media

1) The Factsheet discusses how identity is a complex subject. What does it suggest defines our identity?

We define ourselves with the experiences that we have been through as individuals. Mainstream media has constructed and influenced our identities, we are an active audience and have an increasing range of gratification every single day. The way we define ourselves is based on a complex set of relationships and our 'self' being: 

- who we think we are
- who we want to be 
- who we think others think we are. 

2) Complete the task on page 2: suggest media texts that could reinforce that someone is non-mainstream; edgy; a pleasure seeker; fashionable; witty and fun; cutting-edge.


non- mainstream - I enjoy movies that aren't typically spoken about and aren't the biggest hits, something that may not be known to a vast majority of the audience. My movie choices are not mainstream, and normally watch those sort of movies whilst being alone rather than with a group of people. 


edgy - Few of the social media accounts that I follow are edgy interm style of clothing or even their appearances with tattoos and dyed hair etc. I would only consider myself to be a little edgy but not extremely. 


a pleasure seeker - TV shows that are mystery, romance and adventurous as well as similar moves like these, I would sometimes enjoy action. Youtube such as vlogs and reading regular blogs online for pure entertainment but some for expanding my knowledge on some areas. 


fashionable - I access social media as a platform to focus and find new trends. Following clothing social media accounts that and seeing how I can those trends or fashion into my own way; to represent me correctly. I would also sometimes see fashion trends through fashion catalogs and other magazines.


witty and fun - Accessing social media that have humour, memes or even posting pictures that represent my humour on my social media accounts. I also access the internet for humour; tv shows, comedies or even youtube. 


cutting-edge - social media and new technology where it allows me to see what is cutting edge and what isn't. 


3) What examples are suggested for a case study on urban youth?

It is present in tabloid journalism, in BBC documentaries and in chat shows like The Jeremy Kyle Show on ITV. In 2008/9 when ‘chavs’ and ‘hoodies’ became a common moral panic (Cohen) in the media, films such as Harry Brown and Eden Lake put working class urban youth into the role of villain in their narratives. Youth culture was a threat to urban life and the older generation in Harry Brown and to rural peace and the middle classes in Eden Lake

4) What does Hebdige argue with regards to youth culture? 

 Richard Hebdige argues that out culture shows their resistance to the dominant culture through their styles choices. Urban youth culture can show itself to be outside the mainstream by adopting the uniform that is feared by mainstream culture and they lean about this fear in the media representation. 

5) What other theorists are referenced alongside Hebdige? How do they link to the issue of youth identity?
Culture and they learn about this fear in the media representations. The media continues to represent these youths as deviant in an attempt to reinforce mainstream values (Acland) but of course these representations are constructed by people outside this group (Perkins) and in this case can be seen to be a reflection of adult culture’s fear of urban youth (Giroux). Those within the group though have their status as outsiders reinforced. 

6) How can we link our Year 12 case study on Ill Manors to youth and identity? What specific examples from the case study could be used to discuss Hebdige’s theory that youth culture challenges mainstream culture and dominant ideologies?


Rap,r&b and grime can be seen as an iconography of youth culture, this can be promoting by Ill Manors soundtrack and music video, the youth in the music video but also generally they are reinforcing the dominant ideologies that they are represented with within the media. 


7) What does theorist David Gauntlett suggest regarding the media’s influence over the construction of identities?


Theorist David Gauntlett claims that they media have induce on identity construction and so the way the media stereotypes groups may come part of how individuals see themselves and media institutions are able to use this to sell their products.


Where the idea of identity has previously been seen as something personal, the audience’s relationship with the media today in the construction of various identities is bringing the personal into the public space. 

8) Do you agree that Hebdige’s view that youth culture will always seek to resist mainstream culture and challenge dominant ideologies?

In my opinion, I don't completely agree with Hebdige's view of that youth culture always seek to resist the mianstream and challenge the dominate  ideologies that are put against them but i just think mainstream culture can be so wide and very different in everyone eyes, not everyone sees mainstream culture in the same way. Youth culture do challenge the dominant ideologies just to prove the wider audience that they can be wrong and they don't really know the youth culture despite how much they think they know and what they see youth culture because so much of it is so negative. However, we do youth culture can also reinforce some and representation the mainstream ideolgies because of the power and the influence the media can have on its audience, especially the youth.